Once you\u2019ve done so, you must\u00a0test\u00a0delivery to your \u201creal\u201d inbox\u2014you don\u2019t want to learn that delivery isn\u2019t working after your storage has already become unavailable! If you\u2019d feel safer with a team of experts monitoring your storage, consider a ZFS Support Subscription. If you rely on manually checking on your storage periodically, you will regret it. Another important aspect of managing your storage system is configuring notifications. Klara\u00a0recommends embedding these details directly into the ZFS vdev properties of each disk\u2014a feature Klara created, which will become generally available in the upcoming OpenZFS 2.2 release. In these configurations, your system may or may not support features like individual \u201clocate\u201d and \u201cfault\u201d LEDs.
\nFreeBSD\u2019s\u00a0sesutil\u00a0is a tool to interface with the SES devices on your system. You should also configure\u00a0smartd\u00a0to monitor your disks and send you alerts, which may give you advanced notice when a drive is starting to fail. These special boards, called SAS Expanders, reduce the total cabling required to provide power and signal pathways to all connected disks.
\nThis will activate the fault LED for element 9 (Slot 08) on the first SES device. You can avoid any uncertainty by enabling the \u201clocate\u201d or \u201cfault\u201d LED for the drive you mean to replace. This example creates a new GPT partition scheme on da36, creates a 4 GiB swap partition aligned to 1 MiB boundaries, and then adds a ZFS partition with the label\u00a0e3s01-ZGY0XH87\u00a0using the remainder of the space on the disk.<\/p>\n
Using the no-op\u00a0true\u00a0command on other paths to that disk, will cause GEOM to re-\u201dtaste\u201d the disk and see the label and automatically add the additional paths to the existing multipath. This will write a GEOM Multipath label to the last sector of the disk. Each SAS Expander will present as a new\u00a0\/dev\/ses#\u00a0device, so your system may have more than one.<\/p>\n
SAS disk reservations provide the ability to connect to the disk redundantly\u2014or even across multiple machines\u2014while ensuring it is only used by one of them at a time. SAS provides many more features than SATA does\u2014including full duplex operations, advanced error recovery, multipath, and disk reservations. It too was an extension on an existing interface bus which offered greatly improved performance. SATA+AHCI improved data transfer speeds, simplicity of communication, and included abilities that we today take for granted, such as \u201chot swap\u201d and command queueing. These concepts also apply to other operating systems, but the tools might differ slightly.<\/p>\n
Sounds like the drives being woken for the ZIL to flush writes to the ZFS pool and then going back to idle\/sleep every 5 seconds. Enable the checkmark for the Syslog and choose a pool that is not based on hard drives. I had this same problem, using HGST data center refurb drives.<\/p>\n
I noticed that even when doing nothing, I hear the sound of drives working every few seconds. I gave up and just built a Windows Storage Space with tiering and the drives are now effectively silent. I guess it depends on the drives, but don\u2019t think you\u2019ll find any software solution. My Seagate Exos enterprise drives make almost 0 noise actually. The system is never idle really, it\u2019s a server. What causes the constant load on the disk?<\/p>\n
Other interfaces for remote storage include iSCSI, Fiber-Channel, Infiniband, RoCE, and others, but those specialized solutions are beyond the scope of this article. Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is the most common interface for enterprise storage, first appearing in 2004. Serial ATA (SATA) is the familiar interface used for non-enterprise storage, and is an extension of the original ATA interface dating from the 1980s. In this article we will discuss some strategies and tools to make managing disk arrays on FreeBSD (and related platforms like TrueNAS Core) much easier. It may be what you want is to enable HDD standby, which will \u201cspin down\u201d the drives when not in use
\nIt is fairly well-known among techies that hard drives used in server-like workloads can suffer from poor configuration by default such that they frequently load and unload their heads, which can cause disks to fail much faster than they otherwise would. My Seagate Archive SMR disk (which began life as an external hard drive and was retired from that role when it became too small to hold as much as I wanted to back up to it) apparently doesn\u2019t support reporting EPC settings (since asking for them says so), and initially didn\u2019t accept new values for the idle timers either. The Prometheus Node Exporter is the canonical tool for capturing machine metrics like utilization and hardware information with Prometheus, but it alone does not support probing SMART data from storage drives. While SSDs don\u2019t have any heads to park, most do report a media_wearout_indicator that represents the amount of data written to the device in relation to the amount that it\u2019s specified to accept before the Flash storage medium wears out.
\nFor chassis with larger numbers of drives, or when connecting external JBOD chassis, it is common for the drives to connect to a specialized board that provides power and routing for the SATA\/SAS signals to the controller. When building a storage system, there are many different ways the disks might be connected to the system. NVME-oF allows storage devices and arrays in remote chassis to be connected to local motherboards. NVMe storage comes in many form factors, from small M.2 devices to U.2 and other hot-swappable formats intended for servers. NVMe connects storage devices directly to the PCIe bus, offering extremely low latency and high throughput.
\nThe parking rate basically drops to zero at the time I updated the settings for the Seagate drives, and the Western Digital one hasn\u2019t changed because it needs to be powered off to change that setting and I haven\u2019t done so yet. The other slight annoyance when setting the idle3 timer on WD drives is that changes only take effect when the drive is powered on, usually meaning the host computer must be fully shut down and started back up for any changes to be seen- this makes experimentation to determine how raw timer values are interpreted a slower and more tedious process. Of particular note, WD Green drives ship configured to park the heads after only 8 seconds of inactivity which could notionally wear out the disk in a matter of months if the heads are cycling more-or-less continuously! For drives made by Western Digital, the inactivity timer for parking the heads is called the idle3 timer.
\nBelow we will discuss exactly how to do this with FreeBSD\u2019s\u00a0sesutil\u00a0or the management tools for your HBA. Though a truism, it bears emphasizing that with a little planning, management and maintenance of storage systems can be made easier and safer. The total throughput possible from the connected disks is still limited by the number of lanes available, but this is likely the best approach in systems with more than a dozen disks.
\nI agree to receive your newsletters and accept the data privacy statement. Ensure device health & easy replacements with these valuable tips. Discover strategies to manage disk arrays on FreeBSD and related platforms\/operating systems. Simply installing the apps and choosing a pool for k3s and docker creates a dataset and logs. Your pool gets writes from somewhere and ZFS is writing those to disk every 5 seconds.
\nWe can also see that the disk in Slot07 was recently swapped, and that Slot08 does not contain a disk and its locate LED is activated. SES provides a mechanism to query information from the enclosure, including temperature, fan speed, and status of power supplies. Many backplanes include support for SCSI Enclosure Services (SES).<\/p>\n
I moved the system dataset to the boot pool. I don\u2019t move any data, no apps are running, this is a vanilla Scale install so far, yet the HDD is in constant work. 1 SSD to boot and 1 HDD to store data. Agree, I have used SeaChest with good results for this same issue on scale plus drive cache. If you do it on a live pool, I\u2019d back up your data first. Once you\u2019ve done so, you must\u00a0test\u00a0delivery to your \u201creal\u201d inbox\u2014you don\u2019t want to learn that delivery isn\u2019t working after your…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[284],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/devel.symposiumsa.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14439"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/devel.symposiumsa.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/devel.symposiumsa.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devel.symposiumsa.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devel.symposiumsa.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14439"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/devel.symposiumsa.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14439\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14440,"href":"https:\/\/devel.symposiumsa.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14439\/revisions\/14440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/devel.symposiumsa.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14439"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devel.symposiumsa.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14439"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devel.symposiumsa.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14439"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nI will optimize settings later for the security\/quietness tradeoff however, I\u2019m very pleased with it for now. How can I set this value on the Truenas interface? Keeping it spinning but not accessing data is safer. I would still recommend against idling your drive as that reduces longevity. I also set the tunable vfs.zfs.txg.timeout to a somewhat large value so the regular syncs don\u2019t happen every 5 seconds.
\nMy question is – is there a way to tell if a certain disk suffers from the issue prior to purchasing? For the system I\u2019m monitoring here, the SSD that it boots from has a wearout indicator sitting on 95 of 100 (only 5% of the rated life consumed), visibly unchanged for a long time so it\u2019s not very interesting as an example. (The properties like ID_SERIAL_SHORT can be queried on a running system using udevadm info, such as udevadm info \/dev\/sdd to get the properties of the disk currently assigned ID sdd.) Somewhat more useful for monitoring is the smartmon_load_cycle_count_raw_value, which provides the actual number of load cycles that have been done. Secondly what are your disk monitoring refresh intervals and what do you use on your system to monitor SMART disk health?
\nUnnamed devices can be specified by their specific SES device and element number. This greatly reduces the chance of getting it wrong when you (or the datacenter technician) physically pulls the disk. You can also reboot, and GEOM will pick up the multipath when it first tastes the disks during boot.
\nAt somewhat larger scales, a number of drives can be connected directly to a SAS (or SATA) controller PCIe card. But, if the number of ports on the motherboard is sufficient to your needs, this is the easiest way to connect the drives to the system. We are going to focus on some of the reveryplay<\/a> most popular for SATA and SAS drives.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"